CGC Bibliography Paper 4956

Preliminary assessment of metal toxicity in the middle Tisza River (Hungary) flood plain.

Black MC, Williams PL

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Citation:

Journal of Soils & Sediments 1: 213-216 2001

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ARTICLE

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Abstract:

Cyanide and heavy metals were accidentally released from a mine waste lagoon in Romania into tributaries ultimately draining in to the Tisza River. Within two months of the cyanide accident two subsequent heavy metal waste spills further contaminated the Tisza River, followed by severe spring flooding, which potentially spread the contamination to soils adjacent to the river. Flood plain soils and shoreline sediments were sampled from two locations on the middle Tisza River and a reference site to conduct a preliminary assessment of metal content and toxicity. Ten-day sediment toxicity tests were conducted with the amphipod, Hyalella azteca and 24h soil toxicity tests were conducted with the nematode (Caenorhabditis elegans). High concentrations of cadmium, copper, zinc, lead and arsenic were detected in soil and sediment samples. However, no mortality was observed in Hyalella exposed to Tisza River sidements and only up to 27% mortality of C. elegans was observed in flood plain soils. Low mortalities are attributed to reduced metal bioavailability caused by high soil cation exchange capacities and possible interactions with sediment organic matter or sulfides. Future studies should focus on factors that alter metal bioavailability and their relationships to potential toxicity of organisms exposed to Tisza River sediments and flood plain soils.